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Early unions were considered by the courts to be

Early unions were considered by the courts to be

a. harmless

b. legal if they operated within a state’s borders

c. a criminal conspiracy

d. in the public’s interest

e. illegal only in transportation industries such as railroads

142.              The first union to organize workers across skills, industries, and regions was the

a. Knights of Labor

b. Knights of Columbus

c. American Federation of Labor

d. Congress of Industrial Organizations

e. Taft-Hartley

143.              The organization that was set up to promote the interests of a loose group of craft unions
                            was the

a. Knights of Labor

b. Congress of Industrial Organizations

c. Cigar Maker’s Union

d. Welder’s Union

e. American Federation of Labor

144.              The founder of the American Federation of Labor was

a. George Meany

b. Samuel Gompers

c. Magna Carta

d. Benjamin Franklin

e. Abraham Lincoln

145.              How did the AFL feel about unskilled noncraft workers?

a. It was threatened by their low wages.

b. It felt sympathy for them.

c. It was unconcerned about them.

d. It hoped to make them new members.

e. It resented their high MRP.

146.              When all workers in the garment industry organized together, this was

a. illegal

b. a goal of the AFL

c. not helpful to less-skilled workers

d. a craft union

e. an industrial union

147.              The AFL was formed to promote

a. social equality

b. business profits

c. environmental causes

d. strictly economic goals

e. political changes

 

148.              By the 1930s, when new technology advanced and craft distinctions blurred, the

a. AFL went out of business

b. AFL welcomed nonskilled workers

c. AFL restructured

d. CIO was formed

e. CIO was disbanded

149.              From the 1930s to the 1980s, union membership in the United States, measured as the
                            number of labor force members,

a. increased

b. decreased

c. stayed the same

d. was too difficult to measure

e. was illegal but was organized by protesters

150.              From the 1950s to the 1980s, union membership in the United States, measured as a
                            percentage of the labor force, remained fairly constant at

a. 10 percent

b. 18 percent

c. 25 percent

d. 36 percent

e. 55 percent

151.              Since 1980, union membership in the United States has

a. grown rapidly

b. grown slowly

c. declined rapidly

d. declined slowly

e. stayed the same

152.              The first major piece of prolabor legislation was the

a. Wagner Act

b. Norris-LaGuardia Act

c. Landrum-Griffin Act

d. Civil Rights Act

e. Taft-Hartley Act

153.              The closed shop was outlawed by which act passed by Congress in 1947?

a. Landrum-Griffin Act

b. Wagner Act

c. Norris-LaGuardia Act

d. Civil Rights Act

e. Taft-Hartley Act

154.              The Civil Rights Act of 1964

a. was not relevant to unions

b. required unions to adopt affirmative action policies

c. protected union workers from rigged elections

d. banned yellow-dog contracts

e. created the National Labor Relations Board

155.              The Landrum-Griffin Act was designed to

a. protect workers from union abuses and criminal activities

b. eliminate racial and sexual discrimination by unions

c. require firms to bargain in good faith with unions

d. prohibit the union shop

e. stop unions from striking in support of other unions’ strikes

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